e    pronounced variously:

when ending a two-letter word or a syllable -- a short or clipped “uh” sound as in the:

when at the beginning of or in the middle of a word or syllable -- pronounced as “eh” as in bed:

also: when accented with the accent grave as in frère or circonflex as in même -- pronounced “eh” as in bed:

when accented with the accent aigu as in février – prounced “ay” as in hay:

also: when at the end of a word with a final (silent) d, f, r or z – prounced “ay” as in hay:

i     pronounced “ee” as in feet (or the “i” in machine)

o    pronounced somewhere between the “o” as in go and the “uh” in bun

ô     Pronounced as “o” in go:

u    pronounced by rounding the lips as if to say “oh” but saying “ee” instead!

ai    when in the middle of a syllable -- pronounced somewhere between an “eh” as in bed
      and “ay” as in hay:

or -- when final -- as “ay” as in hay:

au / eau / eaux    pronounced “o” as in hope:

eu / oeu     pronounced somewhat like the vowel sound in sir – without the “r” !!!

oi     pronounced “wa” as in water:

ou     pronounced “oo” as in tool or “u” as in tune:

an / en     pronounced like the vowel sound in song - without the “g” !!!

in / un / ain    pronounced like the vowel sound in van - without the “n” !!!

ien     pronounced like the in / un / ain above – but with the “ee” sound before it:

oin     Pronounced like the in / un / ain above – but with a “w” sound before it:

y     The French “y” is a transitional letter, separating two syllables, 
       adding the vowel “i” to the vowel of the first syllable,
       and acting as a starting "y" (as in yellow) for the second syllable.